Two By Two

By  Rohin Dharmakumar  and  Praveen Gopal Krishnan

The intersection of curiosity and synthesis. Two by Two is your own personal investigative brain that will question, discuss, and break down the most important business stories around you—all visualised as a 2x2 matrix of players, stakes, and winners


This newsletter is a free narrative version of Two by Two, The Ken’s premium weekly business podcast

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23 Jan, 26

With Noice, Swiggy picks the 3rd path in quick commerce

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Private labels meet brand ambition

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16 Jan, 26

Can Urban Company avoid Bigbasket’s fate?

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Slicing up a horizontal giant one category at a time

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09 Jan, 26

How can restaurants scale sustainably?

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The transition from artist to scientist in hospitality

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02 Jan, 26

What’s your 2026 grid?

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Predict the winners and losers of 2026: companies, trends, and ideas on the rise or decline

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26 Dec, 25

2025 Year-end special

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A snapshot of some of the free flowing conversations we've had on Two by Two in 2025

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19 Dec, 25

60 seconds for every 2025 episode

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Praveen and Rohin discuss, argue, and run through all 48 episodes to pick their favourites

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12 Dec, 25

QIP, IPO, Bubble. Why Swiggy, Zepto, and Blinkit see quick commerce differently

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The battle that’s far from over

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05 Dec, 25

The bro-ification of business and tech podcasts

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Why 95% of our guests are men

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28 Nov, 25

Meesho has come a long way. How much farther can it go?

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The counterintuitive bets behind its rise

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21 Nov, 25

The numbers behind OpenAI, Gemini, and Perplexity’s deals with Phonepe, Jio, and Airtel

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Why is the world's smartest tech suddenly free in India?

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14 Nov, 25

What will bring ambition back from the dead?

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The personal vs. corporate fix for career fatigue

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07 Nov, 25

The great big Indian IPO

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What lies beneath the boom

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31 Oct, 25

How do we reimagine hospitals from scratch?

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Healthcare vs. sick-care

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17 Oct, 25

Does India risk losing cultural relevance in the AI era?

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How dataset, not GPUs, is our real defence

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10 Oct, 25

What happens when diamonds are neither rare nor expensive?

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Giva’s founder on the future of jewellery

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03 Oct, 25

What killed India’s first fintech lenders?

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How the ‘buy now, pay later’ dream soured

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26 Sep, 25

Firstclub wants to be the Costco of quick-commerce

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A curated club, not a crowded marketplace

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19 Sep, 25

What happens when Indian consumers know what they are eating?

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Understanding the story behind India's confusing food labels

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12 Sep, 25

Uber India has run the race and stayed the course. Can it change the game?

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Inside Uber’s strategy for its most complex market

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05 Sep, 25

What is the point of an undergraduate college education today?

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There is a critical mismatch between what traditional degrees offer and what the modern job-market demands

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29 Aug, 25

Whatsapp’s double life

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Dream distribution channel, but a risky place to build

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22 Aug, 25

Which quadrant does India want UPI in?

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Public goods shouldn’t really be judged in terms of profitability

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15 Aug, 25

Will Indians pay for pest control as a service?

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The segment is fragmented, commoditised, and underpenetrated. But India is a tropical country with lots of people, and the long-term prospects look rosy

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08 Aug, 25

Is India overvalued, under appreciated, or both?

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What lies beneath the glowing numbers and market highs?

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01 Aug, 25

No explainers, no takeaways—One year of Two by Two

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Our reflections on the first year of the podcast

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25 Jul, 25

Jio Blackrock wants it all

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Can Jio use its telecom playbook to disrupt India’s wealth management industry?

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18 Jul, 25

The invisible whale that capsized India’s leaky options boats

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Sebi rejects Jane Street’s ‘arbitrage’ defence, and alleges coordinated expiry-day manipulation

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11 Jul, 25

In an AI age, India doesn’t have an open-source strategy

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After the “lost decade” of the 2010s, India is putting money behind its efforts to have autonomy, but it needs direction to make it meaningful

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04 Jul, 25

GCCs versus Indian IT companies

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The former is taking away potential revenue and top-grade talent from the latter

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27 Jun, 25

“Your duopoly is my opportunity”—India’s third-place challengers

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Meesho, Rapido, and Zepto are out challenging established market duopolies

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20 Jun, 25

Who broke Bengaluru, and how do we fix our cities?

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There is an end to the city’s woes. It just needs a lot of people to come together

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13 Jun, 25

Where AI can and can’t replace human coaching

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Could on-demand chatbots be the solution for organisations and leaders?

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06 Jun, 25

Are we seeing the unbundling of quick commerce?

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We could be moving from everything-stores to separate apps for everything

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30 May, 25

Can Smallcase maintain its relevance in a changing market?

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The do-it-yourself platform has faced the heat from an old challenger

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23 May, 25

Reliance Retail pays the price for size

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The retailer took the 'scale-first' approach everywhere it went. But it has fallen short on multiple fronts

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16 May, 25

India’s AI program is unlikely to create unicorns

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Where should India focus its efforts in the AI race now?

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09 May, 25

Coffee versus café? India is poised at an inflection point

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Even as the market for coffee matures, cafés still struggle to turn profitable at scale

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02 May, 25

Who will be the next Blusmart?

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There is a Blusmart-shaped hole to be filled in the cab-hailing business

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25 Apr, 25

Can Stage become the Netflix for Bharat?

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Vinay Singhal, co-founder and CEO of Stage, discusses how he’s building the ‘confidence layer’ of the country through regional content

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18 Apr, 25

Why build when you can buy and then build? Here come the search funds

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The ‘searchers’ are out to acquire and run the perfect business

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11 Apr, 25

Are Trump’s tariffs a crisis or an opportunity for India?

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India doesn’t have the leverage that other trading partners do. But there are opportunities for both industry and consumers

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04 Apr, 25

Are we in the “enshittification” phase of Indian consumer tech?

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To live up to their perceived value, companies have gotten creative in extracting more from their customers. All at the cost of a worse user experience

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28 Mar, 25

Should you invest the first two years of your career in strategy consulting?

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Perhaps consulting firms can be seen as finishing schools—places that ready you for a career, but where you’re unlikely to spend most of it

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21 Mar, 25

Ultrahuman and Kuku FM have broken out

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Two founders lay out how they went global

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14 Mar, 25

How big is the market for treating farmed animals humanely?

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Ethically sourced meat and eggs sell at a premium. That’s the cost of ensuring better animal welfare

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07 Mar, 25

Who’ll become new television? Youtube or streaming companies?

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Youtube wants to become the new television. But streaming companies are in no mood to just sit and watch

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28 Feb, 25

Airtel fights spammers. And Truecaller’s business model

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Whose responsibility is it to protect you from being scammed?

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21 Feb, 25

What is stopping 10-minute alcohol delivery?

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It's the next big frontier in quick commerce, but regulatory and political challenges abound

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14 Feb, 25

Going out of India is easier than going out in India

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More and more affluent Indians are choosing to go abroad to experience events even when the same are available in India

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07 Feb, 25

Razorpay, Phonepe, and others confront Juspay’s “white box”

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Why is every major payment aggregator cutting ties with the payment orchestrator?

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31 Jan, 25

Who and how do you incentivise to solve India’s air pollution problem?

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Overcoming a “wicked problem” needs many helping hands

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24 Jan, 25

Zomato, Swiggy, and the rise of the 10-minute “dark” cafe

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The food aggregators are coming for the restaurants' lunch to save themselves from disruption

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17 Jan, 25

If B-schools were invented today, would students run placements?

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The only reason to involve students in placement committees should be for their professional development. Let’s leave the rest to professionals

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10 Jan, 25

The future was electric cars. Until it wasn’t

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What will it take for electric four-wheelers to become the new normal on Indian roads?

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03 Jan, 25

Are we past peak Amazon in India?

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As the American giant tries to recover lost ground in e-commerce, it’s on the lookout for other areas where it can press an advantage

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27 Dec, 24

A year-end snapshot

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All the free-flowing conversations we've had on Two by Two this past year

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20 Dec, 24

The death of D2C

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Brands might be digital-first, but not necessarily “direct-to-consumer” in the true sense

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13 Dec, 24

AI comes to annihilate India’s SaaS companies

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Will every SaaS company end up becoming an AI company to survive?

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06 Dec, 24

The mystery of usury

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What led to the RBI's decision to ban a few NBFCs from disbursing loans?

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29 Nov, 24

Marketing is eating itself from the inside

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It’s a mad rush to sell, and in many ways, that’s what marketing has become all about today

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22 Nov, 24

Dmart versus the challengers at the gate

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There’s a perfect storm that is forcing Dmart to blink, and take a pause

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15 Nov, 24

Can venture capitalists do no wrong?

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Some changes seem inevitable as VCs get back to investing after a "small reset"

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08 Nov, 24

What does Ola Electric’s future hold?

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The Indian electric two-wheeler-maker has multiple fires it needs to douse. But its troubles keep piling up

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25 Oct, 24

The relentless rise of the “government” as a competitor

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What happens when the government plays the role of regulator, policymaker, and operator?

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18 Oct, 24

How will Ola and Uber avoid “death by a thousand cuts”?

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What is their biggest threat? What must they do differently?

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11 Oct, 24

Do we even need Product Managers?

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The most sought-after job in the startup world seems to have lost its sheen. How do we revive it?

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04 Oct, 24

Ather Energy was a pioneer. Can it also be a leader?

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Founded in 2013, the company has spent years building electric two-wheelers from the ground up. But it has lost the opportunity to become the market leader along the way

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27 Sep, 24

Netflix’s last growth market

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How Netflix does tomorrow depends on whether it can succeed and scale in India

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20 Sep, 24

Health insurance in India is ripe for disruption

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From the surface, health insurance is one of the brightest spots in India’s insurance story, growing at 20% annually. But that number doesn’t tell the whole tale

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13 Sep, 24

Why couldn’t Stripe become the Stripe of India?

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It's the world’s most powerful fintech, and yet, it failed to capitalise on the world’s second-largest startup market

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06 Sep, 24

Private coaching is eating away at schooling

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Twelve years of schooling is losing out to private coaching as admission into India’s colleges gets increasingly centralised via entrance exams

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30 Aug, 24

Is Google Pay a product or a business?

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India’s second-largest UPI app is in a strong position. And yet, it appears more vulnerable than ever. Why is it an anomaly?

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23 Aug, 24

Is the golden era of the (software) engineer over?

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The end of the ZIRP era and the rise of Gen AI is upending old assumptions. Being an engineer is no longer a guarantee of a stable career

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16 Aug, 24

Swiggy needs to reclaim its past glory

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Products. Innovation. Market share. Narrative. Leadership. Swiggy has been playing defence for too long

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