First Principles

By Rohin Dharmakumar

A community-powered Sunday newsletter on mental models, self-reflection, learning, growth, photos, books, and more

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25 Jan, 26

Hope IS a strategy

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A complex system with feedback loops that pulls us towards a future we imagine possible

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18 Jan, 26

Congruence

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What is our “favourite thing”? How many of us truly know it?

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11 Jan, 26

Why we join companies but leave teams

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Alas, our education systems not only not de-emphasise teams and collaboration, but often actively discourage them

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04 Jan, 26

The January Chasm

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This year I decided to use January to plan better for the rest of the year

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28 Dec, 25

The Seasons of First Principles

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The themes that stayed close to me

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14 Dec, 25

Gifts of the yuletide season

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Magic is in the air

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07 Dec, 25

A Fourier analysis of our lives and careers

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Our lives can be visualised as waves that rise and fall

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30 Nov, 25

The infinite game and the player

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Also featuring the First Principles Albums Only playlist

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23 Nov, 25

Homeostasis, education, and default-living

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Fault lines are appearing

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16 Nov, 25

Lessons from Buffett

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A beacon of classic, old-fashioned values

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09 Nov, 25

Generational Golems

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How do we break out of this doom loop?

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02 Nov, 25

Reframing your reality

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It is very much a key skill for leaders.

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26 Oct, 25

Living a life you like while solving poorly defined problems

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It’s what defines many of us at The Ken who enjoy working here

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19 Oct, 25

The Ken’s 2025 Gifting Guide

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We’ve introduced a bunch of new features and categories this year

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12 Oct, 25

Why we gift, and what we gift

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Presenting insights from The Ken’s 2025 gifting survey

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05 Oct, 25

Unsettling books, and cosy nooks

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Your weekly dose of book recommendations and pictures from the First Principles community

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28 Sep, 25

Dreams of retirement

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When you’re young, you dream of it. As you get older, you begin to dread it

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21 Sep, 25

21 grams—The First Principles Coffee Survey

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What we love, hate, and are curious to learn about coffee. And much more

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14 Sep, 25

“Psychological Runway”

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Why we need the mental discipline to pace ourselves for the long run

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07 Sep, 25

The Great Unravelling

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A college degree is no longer a guarantor of either a great first job or a reliable career

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31 Aug, 25

Can you afford to wait?

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The best people are in jobs they aren’t looking to quit

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24 Aug, 25

“Attention is all you need”

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Our ability to focus our attention, to be in the moment and to bring our whole self to the tasks that matter, will be our superpower

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17 Aug, 25

Putting my First Principles money where my mouth is

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We’re refactoring and reimagining The Ken as we get ready for our second decade

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10 Aug, 25

Rubber Ducking

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Simply talking to someone can help you solve many problems, even if that someone knows nothing about your field

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03 Aug, 25

Refactoring, entropy, and complexity

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Keeping entropy at bay requires periodic refactoring

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27 Jul, 25

Yes? Or no?

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By “forcing” every node in the decision tree to be a “yes” or “no”, teams reach places where only subjectivity lies ahead. And that’s where their creativity and expertise come in

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20 Jul, 25

Triangulating decision making

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Nothing we observe or interact with is an absolute reality. Instead, each one is merely a unique perspective. Just because some perspectives are ours doesn’t make them inherently better

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13 Jul, 25

Byproduct values, dips, and bricolage

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Which Effort-Reward curves should we stick with, and which ones we should learn to quit?

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01 Jul, 25

We don’t have a lede section today

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But do enjoy our weekly community book recommendations and photo album

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29 Jun, 25

Omission biases and imagination deficits

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Ambition without imagination is pointless today. Professionals who can situate their ambition at the intersection of imagination, possibility, and hope are what modern organisations seek

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15 Jun, 25

Questions that force you to think (about health)

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Are there any contrarian views you hold strongly around health, fitness, or wellness?

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08 Jun, 25

Rains, Audiobooks, and Health

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Your weekly dose of the First Principles community

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01 Jun, 25

Pulling as a group

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Diverse communities can be powerful sources of innovation. But not without doing some important things right

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25 May, 25

Post-victorems and action replays

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There is a world of difference between not failing and succeeding

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18 May, 25

Cultivating an ‘Editor’s Mindset’

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When you’re the writer, it’s hard to maintain any distance or objectivity from what you’ve written. Editors, in contrast, can be coolly distant

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11 May, 25

(Unformed) Thoughts on AI

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There hasn’t been any economic, technological, or behavioural trend in our lifetime that has sought to subsume and erase the very essence of what makes us human as LLM-powered AI

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04 May, 25

Listen to your cognitive dissonances

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They are necessary ingredients on the journey of personal growth

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27 Apr, 25

Learning to time travel

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Mental time travel is one of the true “superpowers” that human beings possess

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20 Apr, 25

Don’t despise friction

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Friction isn’t “good” or “bad”. It just is. It’s up to us how we see it or use it in specific circumstances

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13 Apr, 25

Habits, Streaks, and Goodhart’s Law

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“When a streak becomes the goal, it ceases to be a good streak”

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06 Apr, 25

“Winning versus being on the winning side”

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Many of the mega trends we’re facing today force us to choose between staying distinct and picking a side

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30 Mar, 25

“Empathy is a superpower”

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Flipping the POV allows us to imagine how significant our impact might be from the other side

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23 Mar, 25

Restful routines

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Also featuring your usual weekly fare of books and photos from the FP community

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16 Mar, 25

Breaking patterns

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An authentic and deliberate human decided to do something most others would never do. And in doing so, she bypassed my normal filters

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09 Mar, 25

Six degrees of ergonomics

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Our bodies cross over from young to old much faster than our minds do

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02 Mar, 25

Densities of excellence

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Greatness attracts more greatness—it's a cycle

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23 Feb, 25

Budget culture, to-do lists, and scarcity mindsets

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Seeing the world constantly through limitations and scarcity—too little money, too little time—can make us timid, greedy, and non-cooperative

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16 Feb, 25

Is writing, thinking?

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Who do we write for? Why do we write?

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09 Feb, 25

Careers as “Tours of Duty”

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The length of the employee-employer relationship has been falling and will most likely continue to do so. What if we embraced it?

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02 Feb, 25

Changing your mind and enjoying it too

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Consistency is overrated over the course of our careers

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26 Jan, 25

WIP—Work in Public

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When you work in private, you inhibit your own ability to grow

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19 Jan, 25

About salary cuts

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We used to think of careers as ladders. But they are really like lattices

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12 Jan, 25

The end of 40-year careers

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Having a professional career that lasts roughly 40 years—from your early twenties to your early sixties—is not a given anymore

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05 Jan, 25

Evolution

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Being able to guess what someone is about to say is a lead indicator for what often follows as a lag indicator—boredom

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29 Dec, 24

First Principles 2024: The year that was

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Editions 27 to 75

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22 Dec, 24

“Reconciling yourself”

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Why shouldn't we use our learnings from the year gone by to decide how we want to change ourselves?

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15 Dec, 24

Dance floors and balconies

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The ability to see the world from an alternate perspective is a very powerful tool

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08 Dec, 24

Most Favoured Employee

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We should want the same mentoring, opportunities, and growth that others might be getting. And we should be unafraid of asking for it

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01 Dec, 24

Love your plateaus

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“Where in our upbringing, our schooling, our career are we explicitly taught to value, to enjoy, even to love the plateau, the long stretch of diligent effort with no seeming progress?”—George Leonard

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24 Nov, 24

Bribo

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Nothing is keeping this trooper down

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17 Nov, 24

The Ken’s 2024 Gifting Guide

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Last Sunday, we asked you for your thoughts on gifting. Not just about ideas for gifts, but philosophies, budgets, and emotions too. Nearly 500 of you told us. So, now, we’re telling you. Merry gifting!

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10 Nov, 24

The Gifting Survey 2024

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What would make for the best gift this year?

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03 Nov, 24

Listen to your scar tissue

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It's a superpower to be able to attempt things at which you failed again and again till you succeed

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27 Oct, 24

The Parenting Special

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What’s the hardest thing to teach your kids? What are the risks? The rewards? What does parenthood even mean? Answers to these and many more questions—from over 450 parents across the world

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20 Oct, 24

Treasure your frustration

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If breakthroughs are the outcome, frustration is the process. If resilience is the ability, then frustration is the necessary ingredient

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13 Oct, 24

The map and the terrain

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Maps and models are abstractions, not reality. Forgetting that can lead to a few surprises

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06 Oct, 24

Your weekly Sunday dose of the FP community

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Books, listens, and assorted clicks

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29 Sep, 24

Conviction is a muscle

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It can be hard, even daunting, for the young to develop conviction. But it is something you need to build with repeated usage

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22 Sep, 24

“Attracting feedback”

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Think about all the times you’ve asked your colleagues or friends for feedback on something that was important to you? What was your success rate?

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15 Sep, 24

Leaning into procrastination

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Once you accept that literally everyone procrastinates, you realise you can let go of the guilt of doing it yourself. And once you do that, you can do it more consciously, with agency

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01 Sep, 24

The joy of investing in yourself

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The First Principles community on the most joyful things they've "invested" in

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25 Aug, 24

Be anti-TAM

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In creative professions and startups, you could have all the world as your TAM. But if you do not have the people, passion, and ambition, it’s all quite pointless

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18 Aug, 24

The Sunday Dweller Community

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And also surveys, community specials, new listens, and some great reads

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11 Aug, 24

Self-discovery, P-C fit, and career pivots

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Self-discovery requires us to be self-aware first, as professionals. Sadly, so few of us pay heed to ourselves

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28 Jul, 24

Entropy, curiosity, and phase-change

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"Can you force yourself to be interested in something?"

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21 Jul, 24

First impressions and momentum

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The best first step to building momentum is a great first impression

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14 Jul, 24

Animals and choices

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We see no hypocrisy in people who don’t eat certain meats or fish if that decision was made in some book thousands of years ago. But when people exercise their own logic to decide what they will and won't eat, we are quick to attack them

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07 Jul, 24

What are you keeping constant?

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Most of us want to start new things, meet new people, learn new skills, set new records, and generally shake things up. But it's virtually impossible to do it all on an ongoing basis without burning out

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30 Jun, 24

Smorgasbord and Parenting

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We're kicking off our second Community Quest today!

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23 Jun, 24

Killing your darlings and playing Calvinball

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Who said we can't change the game we play? Who said we can't rewrite its rules to suit our strengths? Who said we should continue playing games we don't enjoy? No one

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16 Jun, 24

Letting go of the first one

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Whether it's starting up or switching careers, momentum is more important than initial success

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09 Jun, 24

The Recharge

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I was exhausted after last Sunday’s supermega Fitness Quest edition, but what charged me up happened the very next day. And it took less than 45 minutes

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02 Jun, 24

First Principles Quest Special: The Meaning of Fitness

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Three hundred and seventy-nine of you took our Fitness Quest survey, and I went through each one of your responses to see what patterns emerged. Here's what I found...

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26 May, 24

On dreadful caves and liberating moats

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Often, the things that daunt us the most are also the things that excite us

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19 May, 24

“How is work?”

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We need to recognise that growth isn’t a perennial reality. It follows stages where we, figuratively, tilled the soil, planted seeds, watered the fields, waited for the rain, added fertiliser, removed the weeds

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12 May, 24

Showing up, asking questions, and getting lucky

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Asking good questions is both an art and a muscle

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05 May, 24

Summers, memories, moods, and music

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We have a summer special for you this Sunday

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28 Apr, 24

Misunderstood contrarians

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Don’t be defensive about being a contrarian. Your ability to think different will be what differentiates you

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21 Apr, 24

Chekhov’s Gun and Feedforward Loops

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How best do we differentiate between a choice that’s a “Chekhov’s Gun” and a “Red Herring”?

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14 Apr, 24

Select your “ecosystem”

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Being surrounded by talented, ambitious, and friendly people can lift our careers over the long run much more than any one job or role ever can

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07 Apr, 24

Do you have a horse?

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A young professional entering the workforce today absolutely cannot take the next 10 years for granted

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31 Mar, 24

Imagining hindsight

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One of the secrets of Amazon’s continuing success despite its age and scale is the concept of working backwards

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24 Mar, 24

What makes you human?

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Certain aspects of human skill and endeavour may become simultaneously rarer and more valuable in a world where most things are machine-generated

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17 Mar, 24

Why aren’t you changing your mind?

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Smart people often hold themselves back from questioning their own actions and beliefs, and in the process, from learning

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10 Mar, 24

The Three Stages of Fallow

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Being occasionally fallow is what allows us to be truly creative and productive at other times

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03 Mar, 24

Emergence

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By its very nature, emergence cannot be planned and created. But we can create systems that are conducive to emergence

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25 Feb, 24

Write to convince yourself first

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“Writing forces clarity, especially around problems. And not just on a whiteboard, which is hand-wavy and not rigourous enough."

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18 Feb, 24

Belief. Actions. Conflict

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If beliefs are the force that move us from rest and take us in new directions, conflict is what happens when we come up against the constraints of growth and discovery

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11 Feb, 24

Values for life

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This edition, we set out to analyse and present the results of the community survey we did on the top three values we desire to live life by

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04 Feb, 24

Introducing FP “Quests”

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A planned edition of First Principles every four to six weeks, where we collectively pick a theme that we’re interested in and try to generate the most interesting questions, approaches, learnings, habits, and recommendations

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28 Jan, 24

Wear your blinkers

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Embrace constraints, because imposing constraints on ourselves in the right contexts can actually help us do better

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21 Jan, 24

10- to 20-year journeys

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When we frame the next 10-20 years of our career or life as a journey, we no longer have the pressure to attain something in an unreasonable time frame

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14 Jan, 24

The Third Value

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It is belief that fosters in us the urge to create. And actions are where beliefs are put to the test

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07 Jan, 24

“Horror vacui”

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Each time our lack of belief is replaced with someone else's belief, we slowly give up the need to believe—and that’s a recipe for stagnation and frustration

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31 Dec, 23

First Principles: We’ll always have 2023

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Next year, the common theme running across most new ideas and innovations you will see in the First Principles newsletter and podcast will be Community

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24 Dec, 23

Value problems more than solutions

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Everyone can come up with shallow solutions. But no one can generate valuable problems

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17 Dec, 23

Navigating the future

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We need a mental map of what we think the future might look like, so that we can plan on getting there the way that we want

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10 Dec, 23

Creating and embracing dilemmas

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Don’t run away from dilemmas. Instead, make better decisions by creating and then resolving them

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03 Dec, 23

Working outcome-backwards

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"If you don't know where you are going, any road will get you there"

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26 Nov, 23

Let go of your past

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Often, the seeds of exponential and non-linear growth lie in places that aren’t already in our paths

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19 Nov, 23

Minimise your regrets

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Also, what are emotions doing in our decisions?

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05 Nov, 23

First, stop feeling guilty. Then, decide

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Our discomfort at saying just “no” without having to explain ourselves comes back to guilt

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29 Oct, 23

Do you have a capex or an opex mindset?

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These are financial concepts, typically not applied to talent. But some people do

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22 Oct, 23

Training yourself to listen to yourself

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Intuition exists in all of us, but very few consciously recognize and listen to it. Fewer still are able to harness it as part of their active decision making

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15 Oct, 23

Being a conduit

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How do I explain this decision to a stakeholder ?

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08 Oct, 23

Embrace the opposite

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“There is a tendency for us to either play defense or cut costs during bad times, or coast along in the good times. It is important to do the opposite”

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24 Sep, 23

What do you choose to be bad at?

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Knowing what you’re truly bad at is a liberating experience. And it makes it easier for you to become better at the things you’re good at

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17 Sep, 23

Don’t fill categories (or checklists)

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"When you start with constraints, you build much less than you can”

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10 Sep, 23

Subtract. Delete. Forget

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Subtraction is a powerful decision-making tool because it forces us to think about two things very clearly—constraints and outcomes

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03 Sep, 23

Write like you speak. Speak like you think

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Conversations are how we innovate, deliberate, negotiate, and decide on things

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27 Aug, 23

Don’t compete

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Instead, double down on your own innate strengths

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20 Aug, 23

First-person versus third-person decision making

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If a storyteller’s vantage point affects the story, wouldn’t a decision maker's vantage point affect the decision?

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13 Aug, 23

Don’t build what customers are asking for

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You'll only end up creating me-too products that rivals have already built or can easily copy

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06 Aug, 23

“Invert, always invert”

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Many hard problems are solved only when they are addressed backward

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30 Jul, 23

When everyone brings data, in who do you trust?

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The world we live in today isn’t short of data. Gather enough of it, and it will always throw up insights that look tempting to act upon

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23 Jul, 23

Failing fast, cheap, and forward

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Failure isn't an obstacle to our success, but a prerequisite

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16 Jul, 23

The best decisions are not always logical

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“We have to learn to trust our instinct and gut”

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11 Jun, 23

Imagining failure

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"Making peace with the worst-case outcomes is important to ensure you don’t shy away from taking bets"

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04 Jun, 23

Start from ignorance

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Ignorance is usually assumed to be a bad thing. But that’s a one-dimensional view of it

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28 May, 23

A new Sunday newsletter from The Ken

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Most of us are good at analysis, not so many of us are good at synthesis. First Principles thinking requires both

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